This multicenter umbrella study sponsored by Ruijin Hospital aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tailored maintenance therapies for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The study is designed to enroll 126 subjects, leveraging genomic sequencing to stratify patients into distinct treatment arms based on their molecular profiles. Given the increasing focus on personalized medicine in oncology, this trial positions Ruijin Hospital at the forefront of AML/MDS treatment innovation. The potential for successful outcomes could enhance market positioning and attract partnerships or investments, particularly in the context of precision oncology. The competitive landscape includes existing therapies targeting similar mutations, necessitating a thorough analysis of differentiation and clinical efficacy to secure a favorable market entry.